{"id":279,"date":"2026-06-14T23:39:31","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T23:39:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cityflowjournal.com\/?p=279"},"modified":"2026-06-14T23:39:31","modified_gmt":"2026-06-14T23:39:31","slug":"the-cult-of-elon-musk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cityflowjournal.com\/?p=279","title":{"rendered":"The cult of Elon Musk"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<p>Elon Musk fans come in many varieties. There are those who love his cars. There are those who love his rockets. There are those who for some reason consider Musk to be an inspiring champion of free speech. But all of his fanboys (and they are almost without exception boys, even if they reside in the bodies of grown men) consider him to be in a category of his own. \u201cJeff Bezos just sits on his <em>yacht<\/em>,\u201d says John Stringer, who runs a media channel called <em>Tesla Owners of Silicon Valley<\/em>. \u201cThat\u2019s not Elon. Elon is literally working his butt off day in, day out. He\u2019s a different type of billionaire.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/cityflowjournal.com\/?p=277\">The socialist conquest of the Democrats<\/a><\/p>\n<p>For Eric Mina, a YouTuber based in Scranton, Pennsylvania, the appropriate response is awe. \u201cLook at all the things he\u2019s accomplished!\u201d he says. \u201cHe\u2019s not trying to make a buck. He wants to be an interplanetary species and he\u2019s actually going forward and <em>doing it. <\/em>That\u2019s not the normal type of thinking that people have. They think: personal gain. He\u2019s thinking bigger than that. So yes, he\u2019s going to seem like he\u2019s from another world.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>What\u2019s interesting about these assessments is that as hyperbolic as they may be, they\u2019re not entirely wrong. Elon Musk is indeed in a separate category from the other 2,700 or so billionaires on the planet in many respects. One is quite simply that he is the richest of all of them. Indeed, on Friday, following the stock market debut of his company SpaceX, he became the world\u2019s first <em>trillionaire.<\/em> According to the Informa Connect Academy, which tracks the fortunes of the bariatrically wealthy, there are others on track to follow: the Indian tycoon Gautam Adani, the Indonesian mining magnate Prajogo Pangestu, the French luxury boss, Bernard Arnault, etc. But as with landing on Mars, one feels that being first is what counts.<\/p>\n<p>But Musk is \u201ca different type of billionaire\u201d in other senses too. One is the fact that his power is not merely financial. His portfolio of interests cuts across technology, energy, transportation, space, communications, biotech and, of course, politics. As of 2020, SpaceX has provided Nasa\u2019s taxi service to the International Space Station. It is, as Musk reminded Joe Rogan in an interview last year, in the business of intercontinental ballistic missiles. \u201cI invest in apocalyptic technologies, didn\u2019t you know?\u201d Then there are his Starlink satellites, which provide internet access to over 12 million subscribers worldwide including in remote and war-stricken areas such as Ukraine. There is his Neuralink project, promising a brain-human interface. And there is X, formerly Twitter, which, despite a mass exodus of users since Musk\u2019s takeover, remains the world\u2019s most popular news site, a data source for his Grok large-language model, and a megaphone for Musk\u2019s political views \u2014 bought with the express intention to destroy parts of the public realm that he didn\u2019t personally like, or which conflicted with his own ambitions.<\/p>\n<p>For Guido Alfani, an economic historian at the University of Bocconi in Milan, this is all <em>highly unusual<\/em> from a world historical perspective. Alfani is the author of a history of the super-rich from antiquity to the tech age, Midas to Musk, if you will, entitled <em>As Gods Among Men<\/em>. He examines the power and influence of figures such as Alan Rufus, who commanded a fortune equivalent to \u00a3130 billion back in 11th-century England, and the Gilded Age banker J.P. Morgan whose cash reserves were so vast, he was able to save America from a disastrous bank-run during the 1907 Knickerbocker Crisis. Alfani has no qualms in asserting that Musk is <em>the richest person ever to have lived.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201cHistorically speaking, today\u2019s super-rich are not only much wealthier in absolute terms but in relative terms too,\u201d Alfani tells me. \u201cIf you compare Elon Musk\u2019s wealth to the wealth of the median household in the US today, it is a much greater difference than, say, the difference between Cosimo de Medici and the average Florentine household in the mid-15th century.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The main reason for this is to do with globalization. Travel, and therefore trade, he explains, used to be really difficult. The wealth of the Medicis was geographically contained to the area around Florence with some limited trade overseas. Today, economic activity takes place on a global scale, which means more markets, more customers, more rewards. One way to look at that would be, in the past, every village had a rich person. Now we all live in one supersized global village, we all share the same rich people and they are accordingly supersized. (We share the same village idiots, too).<\/p>\n<p>So, according to Alfani, the emergence of a figure like Musk isn\u2019t so surprising. The arc of history bends towards the rich becoming much richer with only occasional ruptures: the Black Death, say, or the Second World War. Musk is only the latest, digital-age iteration of the trend and, he presumably hopes, its continuation: \u201cI\u2019m going to colonize Mars,\u201d he is reported as saying in Walter Isaacson\u2019s hagiography. \u201cMy mission in life is to make mankind a multiplanetary civilization.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, it is precisely this multiplanetary ambition that guided the $1.77 trillion valuation of SpaceX. Musk has become a trillionaire not because of what he has done but because of what he promises to do. As seasoned Musk-skeptic Brett Arends has noted, SpaceX actually loses about $2 million per hour; the only part of it that brings in proper revenue is Starlink, which basically amounts to a fancy mobile phone provider. So why the $1.77 trillion valuation? Well the SpaceX prospectus has promised investors \u201cthe establishment of a lunar economy and interplanetary industrialization\u2026 space tourism and cargo transport to the Moon\u2026 in-orbit manufacturing, passenger transport to the Moon, passenger and cargo transport to Mars, energy production on the Moon and Mars, manufacturing capabilities on the Moon and Mars, and asteroid mining.\u201d Arends isn\u2019t convinced, pointing out that \u201cthe company plans to target markets that may not even exist using technologies it does not have\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Still, whatever doubts and misgivings remain, it\u2019s hard seriously to maintain that Musk isn\u2019t <em>also<\/em> an extremely impressive entrepreneur. There are, indeed, libraries worth of content parsing his teachings (\u201cAlways break down problems into their fundamental truths and reason from there\u201d). Whether through his obsessive attention to detail or through mythmaking genius, Musk has, after all risen to the top of the dominance hierarchy of the age. However, what concerns Alfani is that in all past eras, there were more constraints on the men who managed this. \u201cIn the Medieval and early modern period, well into the 19th century, there was much more of a divide between the political power of the nobility and the economic power of the commercial class,\u201d he says. \u201cThere has always been a suspicion of the rich getting involved in politics. That suspicion still exists \u2014 but it\u2019s exceptionally weak compared to the past.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Nor did any figure of the past enjoy anything like the <em>veneration<\/em> that Musk inspires \u2014 such craven abasement, such <em>we-are-not-worthy<\/em> sycophancy. As Wil Waldon, a space enthusiast who presents the Elon Musk Podcast tells me: \u201cThere are people who \u2014 no matter what Elon does \u2014 they are going to follow him to the ends of the Earth. They would die for this guy. They think he can do no wrong.\u201d He has had experience of this first hand. Waldon\u2019s primary interests are space and cars; Musk is extremely consequential in both industries, but Waldon\u2019s interest in him is downstream of his interest in engineering. But should he suggest on his podcast that SpaceX engineers such as William Gerstenmaier and Mark Juncosa maybe deserve a little more credit; or that the Tesla Cyber Truck is less than a work of aesthetic bliss, he will be \u201cdestroyed in the comments\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Again, this kind of thing is new, says Alfani. In the Gilded Age through to the Roaring Twenties, there was gossip, speculation, fictions about figures like John D. Rockefeller, J.P. Morgan and Andrew Carnegie. \u201cBut there was nothing like the same tendency to consider these people as superheroes or as models to be followed. This is new. And this connects to the fact that we\u2019re more willing than at any other point in history to accept their direct involvement in politics.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Alfani dates his own interest in the subject back to 1994, when Silvio Berlusconi, then Italy\u2019s richest man, was elected prime minister. \u201cAt the time, this was unprecedented in a Western democracy,\u201d he says. Now, the idea of the extremely wealthy becoming either directly involved in politics as candidates (see Trump) or indirectly as cheerleaders (see Musk) has come to seem banal. Indeed, the average wealth of American gubernatorial and mayoral candidates has been rising for years. Of the many factors that cost Rishi Sunak the 2024 General Election, his being a centimillionaire by marriage was fairly low down on the list.<\/p>\n<p>Should this concern the rest of us? Well, according to Oxfam, 60% of humanity has grown poorer since the Covid year of 2020, while the billionaire class has become 34% richer. The five richest men more than doubled their earnings in this period, adding $464 billion to their wealth. It\u2019s no surprise that anti-billionaire politics is proving increasingly salient. The recent launch of the Global Justice Fund by the star French economist Thomas Piketty and others \u2014 proposing a global wealth tax of 20% on billionaires \u2014 is one attempt to try to move from mere handwringing to a plan of action.<\/p>\n<p>Ingrid Robeyns, a philosopher based at the University of Utrecht who has spent years studying the ethics of extreme wealth, believes we need to go much further. In her book <em>Limitarianism<\/em>, she makes many arguments against extreme wealth: it\u2019s catastrophic for the environment; it engenders corruption; and, indeed, it\u2019s not much good for the rich themselves. Musk doesn\u2019t exactly seem a model of contentment, does he? But one of the simplest arguments is quite simply that such disparities of wealth are not fair. \u201cThere\u2019s a deep philosophical argument that it is morally undeserved,\u201d Robeyns says, because so much of what determines whether someone becomes extremely rich \u2014 not rich but <em>extremely <\/em>rich \u2014 are matters of luck,\u201d she says. \u201cLuck can never be a basis for moral reward.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Our ancestors were arguably more clear-sighted about the connection between wealth and luck. It\u2019s right there in the word \u201cfortune\u201d. In the past, wealth was more likely to be inherited rather than earned \u2014 a luck of birth. Actually, that\u2019s still often the case: around one third of the <em>Forbes<\/em> billionaires are heirs. However, of the so-called \u201cself-made\u201d billionaires, there is still a widespread perception that their fortunes are natural byproducts of their ingenuity. \u201cHe is the ultimate example of meritocracy,\u201d one Musk fan had insisted to me. \u201cHe started with nothing. Now he has multiple empires.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/cityflowjournal.com\/?p=275\">The queer threat to gay pride<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Robeyns has little time for such arguments. \u201cThe distribution of income and wealth isn\u2019t just the result of what individuals do, but also of our institutions. It\u2019s to do with how we organize markets. Technology markets are winner-takes-all markets. But we\u2019ve also seen a shift in the political economy that makes it much easier for them to accumulate their fortunes. The ideology legitimizes their actions.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Nor does she buy the argument that without Musk, we would be collectively impoverished, without electric cars and spaceships. \u201cThe thing to ask is: what are all the companies that would have flourished if Musk had not built Tesla?\u201d Musk has, for example, spent billions lobbying <em>against<\/em> an entirely practical and logical high-speed train link between Los Angeles and San Francisco and in favor of his own Hyperloop project \u2014 which, rather like the idea of mining asteroids, remains in the realm of ludicrous science fiction.<\/p>\n<p>The aspect of this that concerns Robeyns most, however, is this ease with which financial power can be turned into political power. \u201cMusk paid $44 billion to buy his own private social media platform, he financed it through selling his own shares, and he is using that platform in various ways to undermine democracy,\u201d she says. \u201cIf you believe in the principle of political equality, you need to build very solid walls between the world of finance and the sphere of democracy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>I try to put these arguments to Musk\u2019s cheerleaders. Perhaps unsurprisingly, they are having none of it. \u201cThe whole trillionaire thing? What does that matter?\u201d says Mina. \u201cAnyone can be a trillionaire if you can push the stock up that high.\u201d Anyone!<\/p>\n<p>Barney Whiter, a former accountant who now runs a personal finance site called <em>The Escape Artist<\/em>, and a Musk superfan, feels that Musk\u2019s achievements speak for themselves. \u201cNo one has rolled the dice as many times as him and every time he rolls a six.\u201d Dice? Doesn\u2019t that suggest that luck plays a role? He doesn\u2019t think so. \u201cHave you <em>seen <\/em>the videos of the Falcon coming into land?\u201d He begins to laugh. \u201cYou don\u2019t have to be an engineer to see that as a mindblowing feat without parallel in history. Nasa has outsourced its <em>entire space program<\/em> to one guy. It\u2019s comparable to the US military hiring someone else to run the army!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Isn\u2019t that worrying? Some guy? An entire space program? And how has he felt about Musk\u2019s interventions into British politics? Musk has boosted the far-Right hooligan Tommy Robinson and the ultranationalist Restore Britain Party. As English towns were trashed after the Southport riots, and more recently following the Belfast and Southampton attacks, Musk has fanned the flames, spreading misinformation and conspiracy theories, tweeting \u201ccivil war is inevitable\u201d and attacking Keir Starmer.<\/p>\n<p>Whiter thought all that was <em>brilliant<\/em>. \u201cI mean, dude. Yeah. Elon Musk is facing down the UK Prime Minister. He\u2019s completely unafraid of the head of state of a G7 country!\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Whatever one thinks of Starmer, he is, in the end, beholden to the British public. Musk is a foreign billionaire beholden to no one but his shareholders. The Harvard historian Jill Lepore coined the term Muskism to describe his peculiarly apocalyptic worldview, which coalesced when he was growing up with an abusive father in Apartheid South Africa. Muskism is \u201can extreme, extraterrestrial capitalism, where stock prices are driven less by earnings than by fantasies from science fiction\u201d, Lepore has argued. It is clearly a huge part of his image. Musk has consistently positioned himself as a character from a Marvel comic or <em>Star Trek<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>At the same time, he is well versed in geek lore which just happens to be the lore of the internet. He jokes, he memes, he positions himself on the side of fun. He commands the village square. But another way that he is in tune with the internet is the way that despite his stratospheric wealth and success, he positions himself as an outsider, an underdog, a victim. This is how John Stringer of the Tesla fanclub sees him, anyway \u2014 as a victim of unfair discrimination and criticism. \u201cThe Biden administration has attacked him. It snubbed him. They didn\u2019t even invite him to the EV summit in 2021!\u201d The fact that Musk makes billions from government contracts doesn\u2019t change the assessment. Musk is, in his eyes, doing the government \u2014 all of us \u2014 a favor. \u201cHis companies are doing the most for humanity out of any companies on the planet. People think of him as the richest person in the world\u2026 But I have that history with him.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>There are others, though, who feel a little moderation is due. Waldon began to feel misgivings around 2018, the year of the infamous \u201cpedo\u201d case, and now says that he is deeply conflicted. \u201cHe always posted a lot and generally the tone was aspirational. It was about this lovely collective of humanity moving to this better place. Recently he has been pushing more of an agenda. Some people love the rage. Personally? I just want the old Elon back.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>A Musk superfan would say, but he is saving humanity! He\u2019s taking us to space! Robeyns directs my attention to a meme Musk shared which depicts armed guards holding back a crowd of desperate, apparently non-white humans as animals board an \u201cArk of Space\u201d. \u201c\u2018Starship takes beings of Earth to Mars\u2019, was Musk\u2019s caption.<\/p>\n<p>It was a joke. But as so often with Musk, maybe it also wasn\u2019t a joke. \u201cWhen he talks about what\u2019s he\u2019s doing for \u2018all of us\u2019, who is this all of us?\u201d asks Robeyns. \u201cThe rhetoric that he\u2019s spreading on X is not about all of us as equals.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But his admirers don\u2019t seem to see themselves as his equal. They see themselves as his inferiors. They see all of us as his inferiors. And they\u2019re happy with that; happy merely to live on the same planet as such a God. I ask Whiter if he takes inspiration from Musk in his own life. \u201c<em>No<\/em>,\u201d he responds testily. \u201cHe\u2019s a genius. I\u2019m not a genius. It\u2019s like a dog comparing itself to a human.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>And yet Musk is a human too. A peculiar human. A gifted human. But in the end, a flawed human operating in a flawed system, just like any of us. And the system that has granted him his ridiculous wealth is, after all, not some natural state of affairs. It is a manmade thing, an arbitrary game, a collective fiction, and its rules could just as easily be remade any way we can imagine.<\/p>\n<p>Read more <a href=\"https:\/\/cityflowjournal.com\/?p=272\">Belfast\u2019s new faultline<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Elon Musk fans come in many varieties. There are those who love his cars. There are those who love his rockets. There are those who for some reason consider Musk to be an inspiring champion of free speech. But all of his fanboys (and they are almost without exception boys, even if they reside in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":278,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[97],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ipo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The cult of Elon Musk - \u0421ity Flow Journal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/cityflowjournal.com\/?p=279\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The cult of Elon Musk - \u0421ity Flow Journal\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Elon Musk fans come in many varieties. 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